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Legal Safeguards and Systemic Mechanisms for Mental Health in the Philippines and Their Comparison to Other Countries
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(1) University of Southern Mindanao
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Abstract
The Mental Health Act of 2018 (Republic Act No. 11036) represents a landmark in the Philippines’ pursuit of equitable and rights-based mental health care. This paper examines the legal provisions, institutional mechanisms, and protections established under the Act. Utilizing a qualitative-descriptive design, the study analyzes secondary sources from legislative documents, government reports, and international health organizations. Findings reveal six core rights embedded in the law: freedom from discrimination, informed consent, protection from mistreatment, voluntary treatment, access to care, and rehabilitation. The Act also institutionalizes support mechanisms such as 24/7 hotlines, public campaigns, and oversight by the Philippine Council for Mental Health. While significant strides have been made in reducing stigma and expanding access, challenges remain in workforce distribution, cultural adaptation, and resource allocation. This study underscores the importance of continuous advocacy and systemic reform to ensure mental health rights are fully realized for all Filipinos.
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