Indigenous Cultural Identity and the Impact of Language Loss among Ethnic Communities in Bangladesh

Abstract

Language is a central component of cultural identity for indigenous ethnic communities. In Bangladesh, the gradual loss of indigenous languages has raised serious concerns regarding cultural continuity, social cohesion, and identity formation. This study examines the impact of indigenous language loss on the cultural identity of ethnic communities in Bangladesh, focusing on how declining language use reshapes values, traditions, and social relationships. Using a qualitative-analytical approach based on existing empirical studies and documented community experiences, the study explores patterns of identity transformation associated with language shift. The findings indicate that reduced intergenerational transmission, limited public use of indigenous languages, and dominant-language pressure contribute to weakening cultural attachment and symbolic belonging. Language loss is shown to affect ritual practices, collective memory, and community solidarity, particularly among younger generations. The study highlights the importance of culturally sensitive educational and community-based initiatives to sustain indigenous identity. These findings contribute to broader discussions on cultural preservation and inclusive education within multilingual societies.