Integrating Artificial Intelligence for Climate-Smart Agriculture and Sustainable Food Systems

Abstract

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has emerged as a transformative driver for sustainable agriculture and food engineering, offering innovative tools to mitigate climate risks and enhance productivity. This paper explores the role of AI in advancing climate-smart agriculture. Using a qualitative exploratory approach, the study synthesizes evidence from global and national reports, peer-reviewed research, and policy documents to evaluate AI applications across agriculture, renewable energy, and environmental monitoring. Findings revealed that AI-driven precision agriculture in Nigeria improved crop yields by 25% and reduced fertilizer use by 30%, contributing significantly to emission reduction in a sector responsible for one-third of national greenhouse gas emissions. AI-optimized solar microgrids also enhanced energy efficiency by 15%, while AI-based forest surveillance reduced illegal deforestation by 22%. However, challenges such as limited digital infrastructure, data fragmentation, and low AI literacy persisted. These findings underscored the potential of integrating AI within agri-tech ecosystems, renewable energy management, and policy frameworks aligned with sustainable development goals (SDGs). The paper recommends developing an wide strategy for AI-driven agricultural innovation to strengthen climate resilience and ensure sustainable food systems.